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Ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zekhaya luba lubaluleke ngakumbi nangakumbi kumntu wonke.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lombane, zonke iintlobo zezixhobo ezinokuqhekeza isekethe ziye zaveliswa.Ziquka izixhobo zokukhusela i-surge, izibambi zombane, i-Residual Current Devices (RCD okanye i-RCCB), izikhuseli ezingaphezulu kwe-voltage.Kodwa wonke umntu akacaci malunga nokuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zezixhobo zokukhusela.Ngoku siza kuxela umahluko phakathi komkhuseli wotyando, ukubamba umbane, umkhuseli wangoku wokuvuza, abakhuseli bombane ongaphezulu.Ndiyathemba ukuba inokuba luncedo kumntu wonke.

1. Umahluko phakathi koMkhuseli weSurgery kunye ne-Air Break switch

(1).Surge uMkhuseli

Umahluko phakathi koMkhuseli wokuThwasha (2)

Isixhobo sokukhusela i-Surgery (SPD), ekwaziwa ngokuba "ngumkhuseli wombane" kunye "nesibambisi sombane", kukunciphisa utyando oluveliswa ngamandla ombane odlulayo odlulayo kwiisekethe zombane kunye neentambo zonxibelelwano ukuze kukhuselwe izixhobo.Umgaqo-nkqubo wayo wokusebenza kukuba xa kukho i-voltage ngokukhawuleza okanye i-over-current kumgca, umkhuseli wokunyuka uya kuvula kwaye akhuphe ukunyuka kumgca kumhlaba ngokukhawuleza.

Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela zinokuhlelwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: umkhuseli wokunyuka kwamandla kunye nomkhuseli wokutyalwa komqondiso.
i.Umkhuseli wokunyuka kwamandla unokuba ngumkhuseli wenqanaba lokuqala lokukhusela umbane, okanye umkhuseli wenqanaba lesibini lokukhusela umbane, okanye umkhuseli wenqanaba lesithathu lokukhusela amandla, okanye umkhuseli wenqanaba lesine lokukhusela amandla ngokuhambelana nomthamo ohlukeneyo womthamo ofanayo.
ii.Izikhuseli zeSignal Surge zingahlelwa ngokweendidi: abakhuseli beempawu zenethiwekhi, abakhuseli botyando lwevidiyo, ukubeka iliso abakhuseli abathathu-kwisinye, abakhuseli bomqondiso wokuqhafaza, abakhuseli bophawu lwe-antenna, njl.

(2)Isixhobo Sangoku esiSishiyekileyo (RCB)

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I-RCD ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Leakage switch yangoku kunye neResidual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB).Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukukhusela izixhobo kwiimpazamo zokuvuza kunye nezothuso zombane zobuqu ezinobungozi obubulalayo.Inomthwalo ogqithisiweyo kunye nemisebenzi yokukhusela i-short-circuit kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela isiphaluka okanye i-motor kwi-overload kunye nesiphaluka esifutshane.Ingasetyenziselwa ukuguqulwa okungaqhelekanga kunye nokuqala kwesekethe phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.

Kukho elinye igama le-RCD, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Residual Current Circuit Breaker" ebona i-residual current.Ikakhulu yahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: into yokufumanisa, indlela yokukhulisa ephakathi kunye ne-actuator.

Isiqalelo sokufumanisa - le nxalenye yinto efana ne-zero yolandelelwano lwangoku lwe-transformer.Icandelo eliphambili liyintsimbi yentsimbi (i-coil) ehlanganiswe ngeengcingo, kwaye iingcingo ezingathathi hlangothi kunye neziphilayo zidlula kwi-coil.Isetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni yangoku.Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, kukho ucingo olungathathi hlangothi kunye nocingo oluphilayo kwikhoyili.Ulwalathiso lwangoku ngaphakathi kweengcingo ezimbini kufuneka luchasane kwaye ubukhulu bangoku bufana.Ngokuqhelekileyo isimbuku se-vectors ezimbini ngu-zero.Ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwisekethe, inxalenye yangoku iya kuphuma.Ukuba ubhaqo lwenziwa, isixa se-vectors asiyi kuba zero.Nje ukuba ibone ukuba isixa se-vectors asiyiyo i-0, into yokufumanisa iya kudlulisa lo mqondiso kwikhonkco eliphakathi.

Indlela yokukhulisa ephakathi - ikhonkco eliphakathi libandakanya iamplifier, isithelekisi kunye neyunithi yohambo.Nje ukuba umqondiso wokuvuza ovela kwinto yokubhaqa ufunyenwe, ikhonkco eliphakathi liya kwandiswa kwaye lidluliselwe kwi-actuator.

I-Actuating mechanism - le ndlela yenziwe yi-electromagnetic kunye ne-lever.Emva kokuba ikhonkco eliphakathi likhulise umqondiso wokuvuza, i-electromagnetic inamandla okuvelisa amandla ombane, kwaye i-lever ifunxelwa phantsi ukuze igqibezele isenzo sokukhubeka.

(3) Umkhuseli wombane ogqithisileyo

Umkhuseli wombane ogqithisileyo

Umkhuseli we-Overvoltage sisixhobo sombane esikhuselayo esithintela umbane ngaphezulu kwe-voltage kunye nokusebenza ngaphezulu kwe-oltage.Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukukhusela ukugquma kwezixhobo zombane ezifana neejenereyitha, ii-transformers, i-vacuum switches, imivalo yebhasi, ii-motor, njl.

2. Umahluko phakathi koMkhuseli we-Surgery, i-RCB kunye ne-Overvoltage Protectors

(1) Umahluko phakathi koMkhuseli weSurgery kunye ne-RCD

i. I-RCD sisixhobo sombane esinokuxhuma kunye nokukhupha isiphaluka esiphambili.Inemisebenzi yokukhusela ukuvuza (ukutshatyalaliswa kombane womzimba womntu), ukukhuselwa kokugqithiswa (umthwalo ogqithisiweyo), kunye nokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane (isiphaluka esifutshane);

ii.Umsebenzi womkhuseli wokutya kukuthintela umbane.Xa kukho umbane, ikhusela iisekethe kunye nezixhobo zombane.Ayilawuli umgca ukuba inceda ekukhuseleni.

Xa kukho isiphaluka esifutshane okanye ukuvuza okanye isiphaluka esifutshane emhlabeni kwisekethe (njengaxa intambo yaphukile, kwaye i-current ikhulu kakhulu), i-RCD iya kuhamba ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphepha ukutshisa isiphaluka.Xa i-voltage inyuka ngequbuliso okanye ibetha umbane, umkhuseli wotyando unokukhusela isekethe ukunqanda ukwandiswa koluhlu.Umkhuseli wotyando ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba sisibambisi sombane kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

(2) Umahluko phakathi koMkhuseli we-Surgery kunye noMkhuseli oPhezulu we-voltage

Nangona zonke zinomsebenzi wokukhusela i-voltage over-voltage, umkhuseli wokunyuka ukhusela kwiingozi ezibangelwa ngumbane ophezulu kunye nombane ophezulu obangelwa ngumbane.Umkhuseli we-overvoltage ukhusela kwiingozi ezibangelwa ngumbane okanye umbane ogqithisiweyo wegridi.Ngoko ke, i-over-voltage kunye ne-over-current ebangelwa ngumbane iyingozi kakhulu kunokuba ibangelwa igridi yamandla.

I-RCD ilawula okwangoku kuphela ngaphandle kokulawula umbane.Ukongeza imisebenzi yokhuseleko lokutya kunye nokukhusela umbane ongaphezulu, i-RCD inokukhusela i-current kunye ne-voltage ukuze ikwazi ukunqanda ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kwe-voltage yangoku kunye ne-voltage eyenza umonakalo ebantwini nakwizixhobo.


Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-17-2021